Commonly known as: chitin, chitin, (after deacetylation called) chitosan.
English name: Chitin.
Chinese name: chitin, chitin
Chemical name: β- (1,4) -2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose
Alias: chitin, chitin, chitin, cutin, polyglucosamine
Molecular formula: (C8H13NO5) n
Traits: the appearance of white amorphous material, odorless, tasteless.
Soluble in 8% lithium chloride containing dimethylacetamide or concentrated acid; Insoluble in water, dilute acid, alkali, ethanol or other organic solvents.
In nature, chitin is widespread in lower plant fungi, shrimp, crab and other crustacean shell.
Chitin's chemical structure and plant cellulose are very similar. All are six-carbon multimers, molecular weight in more than 1000000. The basic unit of cellulose is glucose, which is a polymer of 300-2500 glucose residues linked through a beta-1,4 glycosidic link. The basic unit of chitin is acetylglucosamine, which is composed of 1000 to 3000 acetylglucosamine residues through p1, 4 glycoside chains connected to each other to form a polymer. The basic unit of chitosan is glucosamine.
1. Molecular weight Chitin is a high molecular weight substance with a molecular weight of more than 1 million. The higher the molecular weight of the stronger adsorption capacity, suitable for industrial, environmental applications. Low molecular weight easily absorbed by the body. Chitosan with a molecular weight of about 7000 contains about 30 glucosamine residues.
2. Deacetylated purity Chitin deacetylated into chitosan. Chitin is insoluble in water and can not be used by the body because it is insoluble in acid and alkali. Deacetylation increases its solubility and can therefore be absorbed by the body. N-acetyl off more than 55% is called chitosan.
Chitin is used industrially for many different purposes. Chitin is used in the purification of water and waste water, as a food additive applied to and used as a thickener in pharmaceuticals to stabilize food and drug status. Chitin can also be used as dyes, fabrics, adhesives. Industrial separation membrane and ion exchange resin can be made of chitin. Chitin is also used in the size and strength of the processed paper.
medicine
Chitosan products serve as a surgical line as a tough and strong material. In addition there are some unusual features, chitin to accelerate the healing of human wounds, chitin even become a separate wound healing agent. The biomedical materials on the application of many related research, with good biocompatibility, no biological toxicity, low price, easy to be modified, better mechanical strength and so on.
Beauty
Chitin is non-repulsive to cells, has the effect of repairing cells and can reduce allergic skin. Japanese studies have shown that chitin has the ability of anti-oxidation, can activate cells, prevent cells from aging, and promote newborn cells. Chitin also contains highly moisturizing ingredients, it's beta glucan can also effectively moisturize the skin.
clothing
At room temperature, 200 to 225 grams of 40 wt% sodium hydroxide solution can be adsorbed per 100 grams of chitin powder with a water absorption of about 100 grams. Chitin adsorption value and alkali solution concentration and adsorption temperature. At zero degrees, up to 800 grams per 100 grams of chitin powder can be adsorbed for 20-30 wt% sodium hydroxide solution, with water at about 600. Chitin has a natural antibacterial effect, broad-spectrum antibacterial rate is very high, more than 90% of the common bacteria in chitin fibers can not survive; so chitin fiber and cotton colored cotton fabric made of fiber and other materials particularly suitable for infants and young children Clothing and men and women upscale underwear.